Why Critical Thinking is Important

Critical Thinking Shapes True Progress and Protects Truth

Critical thinking is an essential skill that enables us to navigate a complex world with clarity, free from the influence of unchecked emotions or instincts—or at least, that’s the goal. From informed decision-making to problem-solving, and from self-reflection to relationship building, critical thinking is crucial not only for personal growth but also for democracy.

Today, in the United States, it has become evident that despite the unprecedented propaganda of mainstream media, social media distortions, and misinformation, a significant number of Americans were able to see through it.

They conducted their own research, made independent conclusions, valued merit and achievements, and most importantly, used common sense. Detached from external influences and emotions, they made their own choice, rather than the one promoted by mainstream channels. Personally, I believe that this election was a pivotal moment (hopefully positive) in the history of the West.

But let’s return to the core question by examining what isn’t critical thinking?

What Critical Thinking is Not

Critical thinking is not about being critical for the sake of it.

It does not rely on emotions or instincts to drive decisions. Acting out of anger or fear, without examining facts or long-term consequences, is not critical thinking.

Critical thinking does not involve overgeneralizing or stereotyping. For example, assuming an entire group behaves a certain way because of one person’s actions is an overgeneralization.

It is not a confirmation bias—a constant attempt to prove one’s beliefs or political views are correct, without considering other perspectives.

Critical thinking does not include personal attacks. We often see this in politics today, where arguments are disregarded in favour of irrelevant personal attacks.

It does not appeal to authority without scrutiny. For example, during political campaigns, celebrities often endorse candidates to attract voters; popularity alone should not validate a position.

Critical thinking is not about ignoring context or alternative viewpoints. Judging an ancient practice without considering its historical context, for example, leads to irrelevant conclusions.

What Is Critical Thinking?

To think critically, a foundational knowledge of the topic is essential. With this knowledge, you can analyse and evaluate information as objectively as possible, allowing reason to guide your judgment.

For instance, consider a contentious topic like climate change.

Often, people who lack in-depth understanding may still strongly support or oppose certain actions. When challenged, some might resort to name-calling, branding others as "climate deniers" rather than engaging in reasoned debate.

Critical thinking means gathering information from multiple perspectives, questioning assumptions, assessing source credibility, identifying biases, considering alternative viewpoints, and then evaluating the information to reach a conclusion.

Importantly, a critical thinker understands that no decision is final; decisions evolve as more information becomes available. Reflection is a crucial component of critical thinking, allowing for adjustments based on new evidence.

Humility is also essential: it grounds us, enabling respect for those with more expertise and preventing the kind of arrogance that undermines constructive discussion.

Why is Critical Thinking Important?

Critical thinking has been crucial to advancing our society in every aspect.

The Scientific Revolution wouldn’t have happened if Galileo, Isaac Newton, or Copernicus hadn’t questioned longstanding beliefs.

Slavery wouldn’t have been abolished without the abolitionist movement and the questioning of the inherent rights of all people.

World War II wouldn’t have ended as it did if Oppenheimer hadn’t critically thought to develop atomic technology.

If it weren’t for Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks, segregation laws wouldn’t have been challenged.

If it weren’t for Elon Musk, electric cars wouldn’t be mainstream today, and discussions about going to Mars would be irrelevant.

You see, all these examples illustrate correct applications of critical thinking—not the abnormal and unnatural questioning we see today, where fundamentals are questioned, not out of genuine critical thinking, but often due to hidden agendas. We shouldn’t reach a point where politicians can’t answer a question as basic as “What is a woman?”. That’s not critical thinking.

Socrates, the great Greek philosopher, famously said toward the end of his life: “One thing I know is that I know nothing.” For such a wise figure to make this statement underscores the importance of humility and self-reflection.

Critical thinking protects individuals from manipulation. Media bias and propaganda have little sway over someone who approaches issues with a critical eye. Continuous learning, adaptability, self-reflection, and personal growth become cornerstones of a critical thinker’s character.

This is the kind of person you would seek out for problem-solving and advice. A critical thinker is someone you want as a friend, an employee, or a leader.

Today, critical thinking may not be as widespread in society as we might hope. However, in light of recent events, including the U.S. elections, I feel hopeful that a renewed focus on critical thinking is possible.